Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Contact with Bone Substitutes, Porous Zirconia, or Laser-Textured Implant Surfaces: A Detailed Morphological Analysis

Abstract The aim of the present study was to perform a detailed morphological analysis an injectable platelet rich fibrin after combination with two different particulate hydroxyapatite-based granules, porous zirconia block, and laser-textured or titanium surfaces. Blood samples were harvested from three participants prepare flowable PRF in contact not hydroxyapatite (Hap), bone mineral granules (DBBM), blocks, Optical scanning electron microscopy (SEM) used evaluate network density, fibers’ diameter, blood cells, interaction biomaterials. Histomorphometry also performed using hematoxylin–eosin staining protocol. Specimens independently evaluated by blinded well-trained researchers histomorphometry microscopy. Particulate Hap DBBM shown aspects SEM analyses since revealed macro- micro-scale pores while dense structure. Hydroxyapatite entirely embedded fibrin-network presence leukocytes platelets. structured filled its components. Also, laser-structured implant surfaces coated embedding Laser-textured irregularities that increase surface area retention PRF. Histomorphometric complementary details on distribution lymphocytes, red associated aggregation. flowing viscosity provided agglomeration synthetic xenogeneic substitutes coating textured as inspected A cross-linked 3D-fibrin noticed involving clogging spaces into blocks well at macro-/micro-scale valleys On reconstruction larger defects, should be mixed inorganic speed up early events ingrowth. In addition, bioactive ceramics, zirconia, provide mechanical stability tissues for further stimulation osteogenic cells leading enhanced healing.